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drought,
heat
waves,
and
other
extreme
weather-related
events.
It
will also result in further changes to
the global climate, such as reduced
crop
yields
and
increased
desertification.
To
address
the
challenges of climate change, efforts
must
be
made
to
reduce
GHG,
protect
ecosystems,
and
invest
in
adaptation and mitigation strategies.
Here, a review of the IPCC Reports
is summarized, outlining the main
results
and
findings
to
show
the
consistency and growing evidence of
climate change since the First report.
The
First
Report
was
released
in
1990. Firstly, the report revealed that
the average global temperature had
increased 0.3-0.6ºC in the last 100
years (1880 - late 1980) and that the
sea level had risen about 10-20 cm
(IPCC, 1990).
However, the observed change of
the global mean temperature was
still within the normal range of the
climatic variability,
so it could still be considered natural
behavior. Likewise, the First Report
did
not
show
evidence
that
the
climate
would
become
more
variable. However, it did show that
increased air temperature could lead
to
increased
episodes
of
high
temperatures and less frequency of
cold
events.
Second,
there
was
a
certainty that the effect of natural
greenhouse gases (GHG) keeps the
Earth
warmer
and
that
GHG
emissions
resulting
from
human